課程代碼：00833

Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(15%)

Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C, and D.  You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice.

1.The first Berlitz School was established in（　　　）

A. 1778                                                    B. 1828

C. 1878                                                    D. 1928

2.Before the 16^th century, Latin was taught and learned for（　　　）

A. reading literature in Latin                            B. spoken and written communication

C. mastering grammar                             D. learning fine arts

3.In the opinion of J.B.  Bruner, learners should organize knowledge for themselves, for

example, by using（　　　）, rather than having materials pre-packaged by the teacher.

A. discovery methods                              B. advance organizers

C. meaningful learning                               D. cognitive structure

4.Most experts of foreign language teaching believe that the Grammar-Translation Method

originated from the（　　　）century.

A. 16^th                                                                                                           B. 18^th

C. 19^th                                                     D. 20^th

5.All of the following are the proponents of cognitive psychology except（　　　）

A. J. B. Brunner                                          B. D. A. Wilkins

C. D. Ausubel                                           D. J. Piaget

6.Which of the following is NOT included in the Natural Approach?（　　　）

A. The Natural Approach emphasizes natural communication.

B. The Natural Approach is tolerant of learners’ errors.

C. The Natural Approach pays particular attention to the informal acquisition of language rules.

D. The Natural Approach focuses on grammar study.

7.In the Direct Method,（　　　）communicative skills are regarded as basic.

A. visual                                                   B. non-verbal

C. written                                                        D. oral

8.According to the Natural Approach,（　　　）is not absolutely essential for language acquisition.

A. listening                                               B. speaking

C. reading                                                 D. writing

9.Which of the following can be referred to as assimilation?（　　　）

A. to modify what we already know about the language

B. to learn how to learn

C. to “fit” the new information into our existing knowledge

D. to build up schemata in a logical and orderly sequence

10.The Direct Method was developed in the（　　　）century.

A. late 18^th                                                B. early19^th

C. late 19^th                                                D. early 20^th

11.New teaching points are introduced（　　　）in the Direct Method classrooms.

A. orally                                                   B. in the written form

C. in discourse contexts                              D. in socical contexts

12.With regard to teaching techniques, the Natural Approach claims to be highly（　　　）in the classroom..

A. rigid                                                     B. flexible

C. stable                                                   D. consistent

13.In which way is the Cognitive Approach different from the Audiolingual Method?（　　　）

A. giving the primary stress to listening and speaking

B. giving priority to reading and writing

C. laying special emphasis on speaking

D. giving equal importance to all the four skills

14.Overemphasis on translation will usually make the learner（　　　）the first language in the learning of the second language.

A. independent of                                       B. dependent of

C. independent from                                   D. dependent on

15.In the Grammar-Translation Method, understanding and memorization of（　　　）were regarded as important means of developing mentality.

A. difficult vocabulary                                  B. translation passages

C. complicated grammatical rules                     D. written exercises

Ⅱ.Filling Blanks(20)

Directions: In this section there are 15 statements with 20 blanks. You are to fill each blank with ONE appropriate word. One point is given to each blank.

16.Another name of the Oral Approach is ___________ Language Teaching.

17.By the advocates of the Oral Approach a core of 2000___________ occurred frequently in daily use and written texts and a ___________ of these words would greatly assist foreign language learning.

18.In the Oral Approach, language errors should be___________ at all costs.

19.ASSRF is the short form for “affective, situation, structure, rule and___________”.

20.To the behaviourists, people are conditioned to learn many forms of behaviour, including language, through the process of training or___________.

21.Krashen’s affective filter hypothesis attempts to explain the variation in ___________of language acquisition among individuals of the same group.

22.The combination of structural linguistic theory, aural-oral procedures, and

___________psychology led to the Audiolingual Method.

23.In the first century B. C. , Dianysius Thrax wrote a book of Greek___________.

24.Audiolingualism reached its period of most widespread use in the___________.

However, by the end of the ___________, the Audiolingual Method became the target of criticism from all sides.

25.The___________ of discourse means, according to Halliday, the participants who are taking part in the communication.

26.Gestalt psychologists once focused their research on the relationship between ___________and ___________ in people’s perceptual experience.

27.Georgi Lozanov recognized the need to involve the whole person in the learning: both the conscious and the unconscious___________.

28.According to Canal and Swain, ___________competence refers to what Chomsky called “l(fā)inguistic competence”.

29.According to Canal and Swain, communicative competence entails four dimensions. They are grammatical competence, ___________competence, ___________competence and strategic competence.

30.The Silent Way is based on the principle that successful learning involves ___________ of the self to language acquisition through the use of silent awareness and then ___________ trial.

Ⅲ.Matching:(15%)

Directions: This section consists of three groups of pairs listed in two columns ,A and B.  You are to match the one marked ①,②,③,④or⑤in Column A with the one marked a, b, c, d or e in Column B.  One point is given to each pair you match.

31.

A: techniques used in the natural approach:      B: the purpose

①personal charts and tables                 a. to help the students to use the target language

to work out problems

②open dialogues                          b. to involve the students’ ideas and reactions

③problem-solving                         c. to involve the students in giving information

about themselves

④games                                 d. to involve the students in learning something

new through the target language

⑤individual reports and presentations          e. to involve the students in using the language

to play

32.

A: techniques used in the audiolingual :       B: the purpose

method:

①repetition drill                                                 a. to give students practice in asking and

answering questions

②simple substitution drill                    b. to give students practice in transformation of

patterns

③transformation drill                         c. to imitate the model accurately and quickly

④question-and-answer drill                   d. to help students to learn to make appropriate responses

⑤mini-dialogue                             e. to give the students practice in finding and filling in the slots of a sentence

33.

A: the main features of the direct method: B: the advantage or disadvantage

associated with the feature

①The students are encouraged to learn to   a. Regarding listening and speaking as the basis of

think in the target language.              reading and writing is strategic in fostering the

four skills.

②The target language is used exclusively   b. Thinking in the target language is necessary in

in the language classroom.               efficient real communication.

③Grammar is learned inductively.         c. Learners lack a necessary knowledge of the target

language grammar.

④Oral communication skills are regarded    d. It is difficult to teach the meaning of abstract

as basic.                               concepts.

⑤The basic unit in a language is the      e. Using full sentences as teaching units make foreign

 sentence.                              language learning more natural and efficient.

Ⅳ.Questions for Brief Answers(30%)

Directions: This section has six questions. You are to briefly answer them . Five points are given to each question.

34.Do you know the nature of FLTM, i.e., what does FLTM do ?

35.According to Krashen, what are the functions of learning and acquisition respectively?

36.What are the most frequently used techniques of consolidating in the Direct Method?

37.What significant implications for language teachers do you see in Piaget’s cognitive theory of learning?

38.Why is a language lab considered essential in an audiolingual classroom?

39.What are the criteria for deciding the words needed for teaching English as a foreign language in the Oral Approach?

Ⅴ.Questions for Long Answers:(20%)

Directions: The two questions in this section are to be answered on the basis of your own teaching experience as well as the theoretical knowledge you’ve learned.  Ten points are given to each question.

40.What are the issues and implications of the input hypothesis in Krashen’s monitor model?

41.What are the similarities among total physical response, the silent way, community language learning and suggestopaedia ?