2002年上半年高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試

英漢翻譯

（課程代號(hào)：0087）

PART ONE

I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)

A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four
               different versions marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one
               that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of
               meaning and expressiveness.

1. Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then  suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.
[A]天快黑了，有人給比爾一把椅子，請(qǐng)他坐下等一會(huì)兒。忽然電燈全亮了，整座大橋的輪廓被燈照了出來(lái)。
[B]給比爾一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一會(huì)兒，天快黑了。忽然電燈全亮了，照出了整座大橋的輪廓。
[C]天快黑了，有人給比爾一把椅子，請(qǐng)他坐下等一會(huì)兒。忽然電燈全亮了，照出了整座大橋的輪廓。
[D]給比爾一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一會(huì)兒，天快黑了。忽然電燈全亮了，整座大橋的輪廓被燈照了出來(lái)。

2. It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely  respected and appreciated.
[A]這會(huì)使你堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)識(shí)到，你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞。
[B]這會(huì)使你進(jìn)一步堅(jiān)定信念，因?yàn)槟愕慕艹鍪聵I(yè)如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞。
[C]知道你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞會(huì)使你迸一步堅(jiān)定信念。
[D]當(dāng)你知道你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞時(shí)，你就會(huì)力量倍增。

3. Alice rudely showed me the door.
[A]愛(ài)麗斯無(wú)禮地向我指了一下門的位置。
[B]愛(ài)麗斯無(wú)禮地讓我看了看她的門。
[C]愛(ài)麗斯無(wú)禮地把我送到門口。
[D]愛(ài)麗斯無(wú)禮地把我轟出了門。

4. There's the bell; someone is at the door.
[A]那里有個(gè)鈴；門口有個(gè)人。
[B]那里有個(gè)鈴；有人在叫門。
[C]鈴響了，有人在門口。
[D]鈴響了，有人叫門。

5. There is no one of us but wishes to go to the exhibition.
[A]我們每一個(gè)人都想去看展覽。
[B]沒(méi)有誰(shuí)想去看展覽。
[C]我們都沒(méi)在，但有人想請(qǐng)我們?nèi)タ凑褂[。
[D]雖然大家都沒(méi)在，但我們都希望去看展覽。

6. The car beeped at me until I fastened my seatbelt.
[A]汽車向我發(fā)出了嘟嘟的聲音，直到我系上了安全帶。
[B]汽車發(fā)出嘟嘟的聲音，我系上安全帶就不響了。
[C]汽車在我系上安全帶之前發(fā)出嘟嘟的聲音。
[D]汽車發(fā)出嘟嘟的聲音，我才系上了安全帶。

7. 流傳久遠(yuǎn)的作品是靠文學(xué)技巧流傳，誰(shuí)會(huì)關(guān)心百十年前的生活?
[A] Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill, who today 
really cares about the details of life a hundred years ago?
[B] Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill. Who today  really cares about the details of life a hundred years ago?
[C] Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written. Who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?
[D] Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written, who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?

8. 應(yīng)該對(duì)貨幣流通量進(jìn)行控制， 使其有利于人民幣價(jià)值的穩(wěn)定， 有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。
[A] The volume of money in circulation should keep at a level beneficial to 
stabilizing the value of the RMB and to economic growth.
[B] The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level that will stabilize the value of the RMB and encourage economic growth.
[C] The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level beneficial to 
stabilize the value of the RMB and to encourage economic growth.
[D] The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level beneficial to 
stabilizing the value of the RMB and to economic growth.

9. 發(fā)展是硬道理。
[A] Development is the hard reason.
[B] Development is the hard principle.
[C] Development is the absolute reason.
[D] Development is the absolute principle.

10. 不發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)大都是擁有豐富資源的地區(qū)，發(fā)展?jié)摿κ呛艽蟮摹?BR>[A] Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources, have great potential for development.
[B] Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and have great potential for development.
[C] Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources development potential is very great.
[D] Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and their development potential very great.

B: Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by 
               four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Select the one that
               best completes each statement.

11. "凡是翻譯，必須兼顧著兩面，一當(dāng)然力求其易解，一則保存著原作的豐姿。" 這是     提出的。
[A]魯迅     [B]翟秋白     [C]茅盾     [D]郭沫若

12. 楊憲益說(shuō):"譯者應(yīng)盡量忠實(shí)于原文的形象，既不要夸張，也不要夾帶任何別的東西。"他針對(duì)的是  。
[A]任何一種翻譯     [B]文學(xué)翻譯     [C]詩(shī)歌翻譯     [D]漢英翻譯

13. "上下文在解決語(yǔ)言單位的多義性問(wèn)題上起著最重要的作用。"這是     的論述。
[A]林紓     [B]巴爾胡達(dá)羅夫     [C]泰特勒     [D]費(fèi)多羅夫

14. 王力先生指出，申國(guó)語(yǔ)里多用意合法，     。
[A]因此連詞用得較多    [B]因?yàn)橹鲝慕Y(jié)構(gòu)用得較多    [C]聯(lián)結(jié)成分并非必需    [D]聯(lián)結(jié)成分十分需要

15. 漢語(yǔ)有很多四字成語(yǔ)，譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)，譯文     。
[A]一定要保持原文的形象    [B]一定要脫離原文的形象
[C]一定要符合原文的意思    [D]一定要在英語(yǔ)中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的成語(yǔ)

PART TWO

II. Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.

16. a man of letters

17. the gold rush

18. national census

19. sustainable development

20. arid gully

21. science fiction

22. like a drowned rat

23. applied entomology

24. an insect-free world

25. common ground

B. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.

26.手語(yǔ)
27.《新民主主義論》
28.北伐
29.市政府
30.跨國(guó)公司
31.絲綢之路
32.泰晤士河
33.安理會(huì)
34.大陸架
35.祝酒詞

III. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)

Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies.
            Improve the given translations.

A. Example:

            原文:He asked after you.
            譯文:他在你之后發(fā)問(wèn)。
            改譯:他問(wèn)起你的情況。

36.原文:By 1820, it was standard to bring workers into a factory and have them 
       overseen.
   譯文:到1820年，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方式已經(jīng)是把工人雇到工廠里， 使他們監(jiān)督。

37.原文:Many exciting and experimental things in theatre are also being done in 
       university theatres and community centers.
   譯文:許多令人興奮的，在劇場(chǎng)里的實(shí)驗(yàn)性的東西，也在大學(xué)的劇場(chǎng)和社區(qū)中心上演。

38.原文:Don't lose time in doing your homework.
   譯文:別在做作業(yè)上浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

39.原文:I discovered that more than desire and emotion were necessary to write, so
       I dropped the idea.
   譯文:我發(fā)現(xiàn)，要寫作，需要更大的愿望和更豐富的感情。于是，我放棄了寫作的念頭。

40.原文:Presently he was met by an elderly parson astride on a gray mare, who, as
       he rode, hummed a wandering tune.
   譯文:過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，有一個(gè)上了年紀(jì)的牧師，騎著一匹灰色的母馬，用一種拿不準(zhǔn)的語(yǔ)調(diào)嘟嚷著甚么，
        迎面向他走來(lái)。

41.原文:A friend exaggerates a man's virtue, an enemy his crimes.
   譯文:朋友極力贊揚(yáng)你的美德，敵人你的罪過(guò)。

B. Example:

            原文:展望二十一世紀(jì)， 我們堅(jiān)信前景將更加美好。
            譯文:Look into the 21st century, we are convinced that there lies an
               even brighter future.
            改譯:Looking into the 21st century, we are convinced that there lies an 
               even brighter future.

42.原文:這樣，不僅我能更好地為他們服務(wù)，與他們進(jìn)行感情交流，也減少了一些他們與其他乘客的誤會(huì)
        和糾紛。
   譯文:In this way, I can render them better service and exchange feelings with them and also reduce their misunderstandings and conflicts with other passengers.

43.原文:中國(guó)在自己發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)河中，形成了優(yōu)良的歷史文化傳統(tǒng)。
   譯文:In the prolonged course of China's development, it has formed its fine 
       historical and cultural traditions.

44.原文:科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力。
   譯文:Science and technology are a first productive force.

45.原文:計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)不等于社會(huì)主義，資本主義也有計(jì)劃;市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)不等于資本主義，社會(huì)主義也有市場(chǎng)。
   譯文:A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, there is planning under 
       capitalism too; a market economy is not capitalism, there are markets
       under socialism too.

IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)


46. Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from vegetable and animal oils.
……
Two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and heat; but if they are
separated by a thin film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated. The oil used for this purpose must be of the correct thickness; if it is too thin it will not give sufficient lubrication, and if it is too thick it will not reach all parts that must be lubricated.

B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (10 points)

47.革命是解放生產(chǎn)力，改革也是解放生產(chǎn)力。推翻帝國(guó)主義、封建主義、官僚資本主義的反動(dòng)統(tǒng)治，使中國(guó)人民的生產(chǎn)力獲得解放，這是革命，所以革命是解放生產(chǎn)力。